A chemical that harms prokaryotic cells would only affect bacteria. Here's why:

* Prokaryotes are a domain of life that includes bacteria and archaea. They are single-celled organisms that lack a nucleus and other membrane-bound organelles.

* Fungi, plants, and animals are all eukaryotes. Eukaryotic cells have a nucleus and other membrane-bound organelles.

Since the chemical specifically targets prokaryotic cells, it would only affect bacteria, not fungi, plants, or animals.