* Chloroplasts: These are the organelles where photosynthesis takes place. Chloroplasts contain chlorophyll, which absorbs light energy to convert it into chemical energy.
* Thylakoids: These are membrane-bound compartments within the chloroplast where chlorophyll is located and the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis occur.
* Grana: These are stacks of thylakoids, which increase the surface area for photosynthesis.
* Stroma: The fluid-filled space within the chloroplast, outside of the thylakoids, where the Calvin cycle (light-independent reactions) of photosynthesis occurs.
While these organelles are essential for photosynthesis, algae may also have other organelles common to eukaryotic cells, such as a nucleus, ribosomes, Golgi apparatus, endoplasmic reticulum, and mitochondria.
