1. Taxonomy: This field deals with the naming, description, and classification of organisms. It establishes a hierarchical system of classification based on shared characteristics, leading to the organization of organisms into domains, kingdoms, phyla, classes, orders, families, genera, and species.
2. Systematics: This field focuses on understanding the evolutionary relationships between organisms. It uses a variety of data, including morphology, genetics, and biochemistry, to reconstruct evolutionary trees (phylogenies). This information helps to determine the phylogenetic relationships between organisms, which are then used to refine and support the taxonomic classification.
While taxonomy provides the framework for classification, systematics provides the foundation for understanding the evolutionary relationships that underpin the classification scheme.
