1. Phospholipids: These are the primary structural component, forming a bilayer with their hydrophilic (water-loving) heads facing outwards and their hydrophobic (water-fearing) tails facing inwards. This creates a barrier that separates the cell's interior from the exterior environment.

2. Proteins: These are embedded within the phospholipid bilayer, serving a variety of functions including:

* Transport: Facilitating the movement of molecules across the membrane.

* Receptors: Binding to signaling molecules and relaying information to the cell interior.

* Enzymes: Catalyzing chemical reactions within the membrane.

* Anchoring: Providing structural support and connecting the membrane to the cytoskeleton.

While these are the two main components, it's important to note that cell membranes also contain other molecules like cholesterol and carbohydrates, which contribute to the membrane's structure and function.