The primary function of DNA is to store and transmit genetic information. This information dictates the characteristics of an organism, from its physical appearance to its susceptibility to certain diseases.

Here's how it works:

* Storing Information: DNA is a long, complex molecule made up of four building blocks called nucleotides. The order of these nucleotides acts like a code, storing the instructions for building and maintaining an organism.

* Transmitting Information: When a cell divides, its DNA is copied and passed on to the new cells. This ensures that each cell has the same set of instructions. This process of transmission is essential for inheritance, as it passes genetic information from parents to offspring.

In simpler terms, DNA is like a blueprint for life. It provides the instructions for building and operating an organism.