Here's a breakdown:

* Sperm Collection: Sperm is collected from the father, either through masturbation or by using a special device.

* Preparation: The sperm is then processed to separate the healthiest, most active sperm.

* Injection: The prepared sperm is inserted directly into the woman's uterus using a thin, flexible catheter. This is done around the time of ovulation to increase the chances of fertilization.

IUI is a common and relatively simple fertility treatment option, particularly for couples facing male factor infertility.