Amylase (ptyalin): This is the most abundant enzyme in saliva. It breaks down starch into simpler sugars like maltose.
Lipase: Though present in smaller amounts, salivary lipase helps initiate the breakdown of fats, particularly triglycerides.
Other enzymes:
* Lysozyme: This enzyme has antibacterial properties, helping protect against infections in the mouth.
* Phosphatases: These enzymes aid in the breakdown of phosphates, which are important for various bodily functions.
* Peroxidase: This enzyme helps break down hydrogen peroxide, a byproduct of some bacterial metabolism.
It's important to note that the exact composition of saliva can vary between individuals, depending on factors like age, diet, and overall health.
