Nutrients:
* Oxygen: Essential for cellular respiration and energy production.
* Glucose: The primary energy source for skin cells.
* Amino acids: Building blocks for proteins, which are essential for skin structure and function.
* Fatty acids: Used for cell membrane formation and other functions.
* Vitamins and minerals: Essential for various metabolic processes and maintaining skin health.
Waste products:
* Carbon dioxide: A byproduct of cellular respiration.
* Urea: A nitrogenous waste product.
* Lactic acid: Produced during muscle activity and can contribute to skin acidity.
Hormones:
* Growth hormone: Stimulates cell growth and repair.
* Androgens and estrogens: Influence skin thickness, sebum production, and hair growth.
* Thyroid hormone: Regulates metabolism and affects skin temperature.
Immune cells:
* White blood cells: Defend against infection and inflammation.
* Antibodies: Neutralize pathogens and toxins.
Other substances:
* Water: Essential for hydration and maintaining skin turgor.
* Electrolytes: Maintain fluid balance and support nerve function.
* Drugs: May be delivered to the skin via the bloodstream.
Note: The specific substances carried to the skin can vary depending on individual factors, such as age, diet, and health status.
