Cytoplasm:
The cytoplasm refers to the jelly-like substance that fills the interior of a cell, excluding the nucleus. It is composed of various organelles and structures, including mitochondria, ribosomes, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, cytoskeleton, etc. The cytoplasm is enclosed by the cell membrane and is responsible for various cellular activities such as metabolism, energy production, protein synthesis, and transportation of materials.
Protoplasm:
Protoplasm is a broader term that encompasses the entire living contents of a cell, including the cytoplasm and the nucleus. It is the fundamental physical material that makes up a living organism. Protoplasm is composed of all the essential molecules, such as proteins, lipids, carbohydrates, nucleic acids, and water. It is the active and life-sustaining part of the cell and is responsible for all the life processes and functions.
In summary, the cytoplasm refers specifically to the part of the cell excluding the nucleus, while the protoplasm refers to the entire living material within a cell, including both the cytoplasm and the nucleus.
