1- Zygomycetes:
- Commonly called bread moulds or pin moulds because they grow rapidly and produce visible spores.
- Their hyphae are generally coenocytic and lack septae.
- Asexual reproduction occurs through the production of spores called sporangiospores, and sexual reproduction involves the formation of zygospores.
2- Ascomycetes:
- Ascus-forming fungi, also called sac fungi, include baker's yeast, morels, and truffles.
- They produce sexual spores called ascospores, which are enclosed within microscopic sacs known as asci.
- Ascomycetes also exhibit diverse modes of asexual reproduction, such as budding in yeasts or conidia formation in molds.
3- Basidiomycetes:
- Basidium-forming fungi are mushrooms, puffballs, shelf fungi, and rust fungi.
- Their hyphae are typically septate and multinucleated.
- Sexual reproduction occurs through the formation of basidiospores borne on specialized structures called basidia. Basidia can be found in various configurations, such as gills, pores, or spines, on the surface of fruiting bodies.
