HAS2 is a gene that encodes for an enzyme called hyaluronan synthase 2, which is responsible for the production of hyaluronic acid. Hyaluronic acid is a glycosaminoglycan that is found in the extracellular matrix of skin and other tissues. It helps to maintain the skin's moisture and elasticity.
CDH1 is a gene that encodes for a protein called cadherin-1, which is responsible for cell adhesion. Cadherin-1 helps to hold skin cells together and prevents them from separating.
The researchers found that Shar-Peis with two copies of the HAS2 mutation had significantly higher levels of hyaluronic acid in their skin than Shar-Peis with only one copy of the mutation. This suggests that the HAS2 mutation is responsible for the breed's excessive skin folds.
The researchers also found that Shar-Peis with two copies of the CDH1 mutation had significantly lower levels of cadherin-1 in their skin than Shar-Peis with only one copy of the mutation. This suggests that the CDH1 mutation is responsible for the breed's loose skin.
The findings of this study provide new insights into the genetic basis of the Shar-Pei's unique physical characteristics. This information could be used to develop new breeding strategies to improve the health and welfare of the breed.
In addition to the HAS2 and CDH1 mutations, the researchers also identified several other genes that are associated with the Shar-Pei's wrinkles. These genes are involved in a variety of cellular processes, including cell growth, differentiation, and migration. The researchers believe that these genes may also play a role in the development of the Shar-Pei's wrinkles.
The findings of this study are a significant step forward in our understanding of the genetic basis of the Shar-Pei's wrinkles. This information could be used to develop new breeding strategies to improve the health and welfare of the breed.
