While the idea that the Earth goes around the Sun (heliocentric model) was proposed by ancient Greek philosophers like Aristarchus of Samos around the 3rd century BC, the first scientist to effectively promote and provide evidence for it was Nicolaus Copernicus.

Copernicus's book, "De Revolutionibus Orbium Coelestium" (On the Revolutions of the Heavenly Spheres), published in 1543, outlined his heliocentric model and provided observational evidence supporting it.

It's important to note that Copernicus's work wasn't immediately accepted by the scientific community, and it faced considerable opposition from the Church. However, it laid the groundwork for future astronomers like Galileo Galilei and Johannes Kepler, who further developed and refined the heliocentric model, ultimately leading to its widespread acceptance.