Here's why light-years are used:
* Immense scale: Galaxies are incredibly large. The Milky Way, our own galaxy, is estimated to be about 100,000 light-years across. Expressing such distances in kilometers or miles would result in incredibly large and cumbersome numbers, making them difficult to comprehend and work with.
* Ease of understanding: A light-year represents the distance light travels in one year. Since light travels at a constant speed (approximately 300,000 kilometers per second), a light-year provides a convenient unit for understanding how far away objects are in terms of how long it takes light to reach us.
* Relativity: In the realm of astronomy, we often deal with distances so vast that the time it takes light to travel becomes a significant factor in our observations. Light-years naturally incorporate this time element, making calculations and interpretations easier.
Example:
Imagine trying to say "Our galaxy is 100,000,000,000,000,000,000 kilometers wide" versus "Our galaxy is 100,000 light-years wide." The latter is much more concise and digestible.
In essence, light-years provide a more manageable and relatable unit for measuring the immense distances found in the cosmos.