Here's how it works:
* Ozone (O3) molecules in the stratosphere absorb most of the sun's UV radiation, particularly the harmful UVB rays.
* UVB rays are responsible for sunburn, skin cancer, and damage to our eyes.
* When UVB rays hit an ozone molecule, they break it apart. The ozone molecule then re-forms, absorbing the UV energy in the process.
* This absorption process prevents most of the UVB radiation from reaching the Earth's surface.
Other factors that play a role in blocking UV radiation:
* Clouds: Clouds can reflect some UV radiation back into space.
* Water vapor: Water vapor in the atmosphere also absorbs some UV radiation.
* Snow and ice: These surfaces reflect a significant amount of UV radiation.
However, it's important to remember:
* The ozone layer is vulnerable to damage from human activities, such as the release of chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs).
* Even with the ozone layer, some UV radiation does reach the Earth's surface.
* It's essential to protect ourselves from UV exposure by wearing sunscreen, sunglasses, and protective clothing.
