1. Mass: Mars is significantly less massive than Earth. It has about 10% of Earth's mass. Gravity is directly proportional to mass. The more massive an object, the stronger its gravitational pull.
2. Radius: Mars is also smaller than Earth, with a radius about half that of Earth's. Gravity is inversely proportional to the square of the distance from the center of mass. This means that the further away you are from an object's center, the weaker the gravitational pull.
In short: Mars' lower mass and smaller size result in a weaker gravitational force compared to Earth.
Here are some numbers to illustrate the difference:
* Earth's gravity: 9.81 m/s² (approximately)
* Mars' gravity: 3.71 m/s² (approximately)
This means that an object weighing 100 kg on Earth would weigh about 38 kg on Mars.
