Here are some specific observations made by Hubble:
1. Redshift: Hubble observed that the light coming from distant galaxies is shifted toward the red end of the spectrum. This redshift is caused by the Doppler effect, which occurs when a light source is moving away from the observer. The greater the redshift, the faster the galaxy is moving away.
2. Expansion of the Universe: Hubble's observations of the redshift of galaxies led him to conclude that the universe is expanding. As the galaxies move away from us, the distance between them increases, causing the universe to expand. The rate of expansion is determined by the Hubble constant, which Hubble estimated based on his observations.
3. Uniform Expansion: Hubble also found that the expansion of the universe is uniform in all directions. This means that galaxies in all directions are moving away from us at roughly the same rate. This uniformity is significant because it suggests that the universe is expanding as a whole, rather than having individual galaxies moving in different directions.
Hubble's observations provided strong evidence for the expanding universe and helped establish the Big Bang theory as the leading cosmological model.