Protostars are the earliest stages of star formation. They are massive clumps of gas and dust that have collapsed under their gravity, but are not yet hot enough to sustain nuclear fusion, the process that powers stars. The Carina pillars are home to several of these protostars, some of which are among the most massive known in our galaxy.
As these protostars continue to grow, they will eventually become hot enough to ignite nuclear fusion and become full-fledged stars. In the meantime, they are surrounded by disks of material, from which new planets are thought to be forming. These disks are similar to the protoplanetary disks that surrounded our sun during its early stages.
The Carina pillars are a fascinating and beautiful region of star formation, and they offer a glimpse into the early stages of the lives of stars and planets.