According to the TOV limit, the maximum mass of a non-rotating black hole is about 2.5 times the mass of the Sun. This is because the gravitational pull of a more massive black hole would be so strong that it would cause the matter within it to collapse to a singularity with infinite density, violating the laws of physics.
For rotating black holes, the TOV limit is slightly higher. The maximum mass of a rapidly rotating black hole can be up to 3 times the mass of the Sun. This is because the rotation of the black hole generates an outward centrifugal force that counteracts some of the gravitational pull, allowing it to support a larger mass.
In practice, however, it is unlikely that black holes can ever reach the TOV limit. The process of forming a black hole from collapsing matter is very inefficient, and much of the mass is lost in the form of radiation. As a result, the most massive black holes observed to date are only a few billion times the mass of the Sun.
