* Angle of Incidence: As you move away from the equator towards the poles, the angle at which sunlight strikes the Earth's surface becomes more oblique. This means the same amount of solar energy is spread over a larger area.
* Path Length: Sunlight has to travel through more of the Earth's atmosphere at higher latitudes. This leads to more scattering and absorption of energy, further reducing the intensity reaching the surface.
* Duration of Daylight: The length of daylight hours also decreases as you move towards the poles, further reducing the total amount of solar radiation received.
In essence, the same amount of solar energy is distributed over a larger area at higher latitudes, resulting in lower intensity.
This is why regions near the equator are generally warmer than those at higher latitudes.
