While other countries have explored the Moon in various ways, including:

* Soviet Union: Sent robotic probes to the Moon, including the first spacecraft to land on the Moon (Luna 2 in 1959) and the first to send back images of the lunar surface (Luna 3 in 1959).

* China: Has landed robotic spacecraft on the Moon, including the Chang'e-3 lander and Yutu rover in 2013.

* Japan: Has sent robotic probes to orbit the Moon, including the Kaguya mission (2007-2009).

* India: Has successfully landed a spacecraft on the Moon, the Chandrayaan-3 mission in 2023.

* European Space Agency: Has contributed to several missions to the Moon, including the SMART-1 probe (2003-2006).

None of these missions have involved human landings.