Apollo 1 was a test flight, designed to test the Apollo spacecraft's systems and procedures in Earth orbit. It was not a mission to the moon.

Tragically, a fire erupted during a pre-launch test on January 27, 1967, killing all three astronauts aboard: Gus Grissom, Ed White, and Roger Chaffee.

The Apollo 1 fire led to a major investigation and redesign of the spacecraft, making it safer for future missions.