Here's a breakdown:
* Fusion: The Sun's core is incredibly hot and dense, allowing hydrogen nuclei (protons) to overcome their electrostatic repulsion and fuse together.
* Energy release: This fusion process releases a tremendous amount of energy, mostly in the form of light and heat.
* Mass conversion: A small portion of the hydrogen's mass is converted into energy according to Einstein's famous equation E=mc².
So, while it's common to say the Sun "burns" hydrogen, it's more accurate to say it fuses hydrogen into helium, releasing energy in the process.