Here's a breakdown:

* The Sun: The primary source of light in our solar system.

* The Moon: A large, rocky body orbiting the Earth. It doesn't produce its own light.

* Reflection: When sunlight hits the Moon's surface, some of it bounces back towards Earth. This reflected light is what we see as moonlight.

Phases of the Moon:

The Moon's appearance changes throughout the month because of its position relative to the Sun and Earth. This causes the different phases of the Moon:

* New Moon: The Moon is between the Earth and the Sun. We can't see it because the sunlit side is facing away from us.

* Waxing Crescent: A small sliver of the Moon becomes visible, gradually growing larger.

* First Quarter: Half of the Moon is illuminated, with the lit side facing right.

* Waxing Gibbous: More than half of the Moon is illuminated, continuing to grow until...

* Full Moon: The entire face of the Moon is illuminated, as it's opposite the Sun.

* Waning Gibbous: The illuminated portion of the Moon starts to decrease, moving from full to...

* Last Quarter: Half of the Moon is illuminated, with the lit side facing left.

* Waning Crescent: The sliver of the Moon continues to shrink until it disappears again, becoming a New Moon.

In short, we see the Moon because it's acting like a giant mirror, reflecting sunlight back to us.