1. Reflection:
* How to show it: Draw a ray of light approaching a flat, reflective surface (like a mirror). The angle between the incoming ray (called the angle of incidence) and the normal (a line perpendicular to the surface) is equal to the angle between the reflected ray and the normal (called the angle of reflection). This is the law of reflection.
* Ray Diagram: You can draw the incident ray, the normal, and the reflected ray. The angles of incidence and reflection will be equal.
2. Refraction:
* How to show it: Draw a ray of light passing from one medium to another (like from air to water). The light will bend, or change direction, as it enters the new medium. The amount of bending depends on the difference in the speed of light in the two media. This is the law of refraction.
* Ray Diagram: You can draw the incident ray entering the medium at an angle. The refracted ray will bend toward the normal if the light slows down (entering a denser medium) and bend away from the normal if the light speeds up (entering a less dense medium).
Let me know if you'd like me to explain how to draw these ray diagrams in more detail!
