1. Reflection: The wave bounces off the surface of the new material. This is what happens when light reflects off a mirror or sound waves bounce off a wall.
2. Refraction: The wave changes direction as it enters the new material. This is why a straw in a glass of water appears bent, and why light bends as it passes through a prism.
3. Absorption: The wave loses energy as it travels through the new material. This is why sound is muffled when it travels through thick curtains, and why sunglasses help to block out harmful ultraviolet light.
Let me know if you'd like more detail on any of these!
