* Thermal Energy: All matter above absolute zero (which is -273.15 degrees Celsius or -459.67 degrees Fahrenheit) possesses thermal energy. This energy manifests as the kinetic energy of the particles within the matter.
* Atomic Motion: In a solid like steel, the atoms are tightly packed and vibrate around fixed positions. This vibration is the primary form of motion for particles in a solid.
* Temperature and Motion: The higher the temperature of the steel, the more vigorously the atoms vibrate.
Important Note: While we talk about atoms "vibrating" in solids, it's important to realize that this motion is complex and not a simple back-and-forth vibration. It involves a range of movements and interactions between atoms.
