F = G * (m1 * m2) / r²
where:
* F is the force of gravity between two objects
* G is the gravitational constant (approximately 6.674 × 10⁻¹¹ N⋅m²/kg²)
* m1 is the mass of the first object
* m2 is the mass of the second object
* r is the distance between the centers of the two objects
Explanation:
* Inverse Square Law: The formula shows that the gravitational force is inversely proportional to the square of the distance between the objects. This means that if you double the distance, the force becomes four times weaker.
* Direct Proportionality to Mass: The force is also directly proportional to the product of the masses of the two objects. This means that if you double the mass of one object, the force doubles.
Example:
Let's say you have two objects with masses of 10 kg and 20 kg, and the distance between their centers is 5 meters. To calculate the gravitational force between them, you would use the formula:
```
F = (6.674 × 10⁻¹¹ N⋅m²/kg²) * (10 kg * 20 kg) / (5 m)²
F ≈ 5.34 × 10⁻⁹ N
```
Therefore, the gravitational force between the two objects is approximately 5.34 × 10⁻⁹ Newtons.
