The gravitational force (Fg) between two objects is inversely proportional to the square of the distance (r) between their centers. This means that as the distance between the objects increases, the gravitational force between them decreases rapidly.

Here's a mathematical representation:

Fg = G * (m1 * m2) / r²

Where:

* Fg is the gravitational force

* G is the gravitational constant (approximately 6.674 × 10⁻¹¹ N⋅m²/kg²)

* m1 and m2 are the masses of the two objects

* r is the distance between the centers of the two objects

In simpler terms:

* Double the distance: The gravitational force becomes four times weaker.

* Triple the distance: The gravitational force becomes nine times weaker.

Example: If you move two objects twice as far apart, the gravitational force between them will decrease to one-fourth of its original value.

This inverse square relationship explains why the gravitational force between the Earth and the Moon is much weaker than the gravitational force between the Earth and the Sun, even though the Moon is much closer to Earth.