Here's why:
* Refractive Index: Glass has a higher refractive index than air. This means light travels slower in glass than in air.
* Snell's Law: This law describes the relationship between the angles of incidence and refraction:
* n₁ sin θ₁ = n₂ sin θ₂
* where:
* n₁ and n₂ are the refractive indices of the two mediums (air and glass)
* θ₁ is the angle of incidence
* θ₂ is the angle of refraction
Since n₂ (glass) is greater than n₁ (air), sin θ₂ must be smaller than sin θ₁. Because the sine function is increasing in the range of 0 to 90 degrees, a smaller sine value means a smaller angle.