1. Magnitude:
* Speed: This refers to how fast an object is moving. It's the rate of change of distance over time.
* Units: Common units for speed include meters per second (m/s), kilometers per hour (km/h), or miles per hour (mph).
2. Direction:
* Vector: Velocity is represented by a vector, which is a quantity with both magnitude and direction.
* Examples: "10 m/s to the east" or "20 km/h upward".
* Significance: The direction of velocity is crucial to understanding the motion of an object. Two objects with the same speed but different directions have different velocities.
3. Change over Time:
* Acceleration: Velocity can change over time. Acceleration is the rate of change of velocity.
* Positive Acceleration: This means the velocity is increasing (getting faster or changing direction).
* Negative Acceleration: This means the velocity is decreasing (slowing down or changing direction).
Key Points to Remember:
* Constant Velocity: An object moving at a constant velocity travels in a straight line at a constant speed.
* Changing Velocity: If an object's speed, direction, or both change, its velocity is changing.
Example:
Imagine a car driving down a highway. Its velocity might be described as 60 mph eastward. This means the car is traveling at 60 mph in the direction of east. If the car then turns north, its velocity will change even if its speed remains the same. It will now be traveling at 60 mph northward.
