The force that shortens or squeezes something, decreasing its volume, is called compression.

Here are some key points about compression:

* Definition: Compression is the application of force to a material in a way that reduces its volume.

* Direction of Force: The force acts inwards, perpendicular to the surface of the object.

* Result: Compression leads to a decrease in the object's size and an increase in its density.

* Examples:

* Pressing a sponge: You apply compression to the sponge, reducing its volume.

* Squeezing a balloon: This forces air out, decreasing the balloon's volume.

* A hydraulic press: This machine uses pressure to compress materials.

Let me know if you'd like more details on compression or any specific examples!