Here's a breakdown:
* Refraction: The bending of a wave as it passes from one medium to another at an angle. This happens because the wave's speed changes as it enters the new medium.
* Medium: A substance that a wave can travel through, like air, water, or glass.
Why does refraction happen?
The speed of a wave depends on the medium it travels through. For example, light travels faster in air than it does in water. When a wave enters a new medium, it changes speed and direction, causing it to bend.
Examples of refraction:
* A straw in a glass of water: The straw appears to be bent at the surface of the water because light bends as it moves from water to air.
* A rainbow: Sunlight is refracted as it passes through raindrops, causing the different colors of light to separate.
Let me know if you have any other questions!
