1. Charge Transfer:

* Electrons Flow: The charged object has an excess or deficiency of electrons. When it touches the conductor, these excess/deficient electrons will try to reach equilibrium.

* From High to Low Potential: If the charged object is positively charged (electron deficient), electrons will flow from the conductor to the charged object to neutralize the positive charge. If the charged object is negatively charged (electron excess), electrons will flow from the charged object to the conductor.

2. Redistribution of Charge:

* Even Distribution: Once the charge transfer stops, the excess charge on the conductor will be evenly distributed across its surface. This is because the free electrons in the conductor are free to move and will repel each other, spreading out as much as possible.

3. Potential Equalization:

* Similar Potential: After the charge transfer, the charged object and the conductor will have a very similar electrical potential. This means the driving force for electron flow has been reduced to almost zero.

4. Resulting Charge:

* The conductor will be charged: The conductor will acquire the same type of charge as the charged object that touched it. If the object was positively charged, the conductor will also become positively charged, and vice versa.

Example:

Imagine a negatively charged rubber rod touching a metal sphere. The excess electrons from the rod will flow to the sphere, causing the sphere to become negatively charged. The electrons will distribute themselves evenly over the sphere's surface.

Important Note: This process only works for conductors, not insulators. Insulators have very few free electrons, so charge transfer is limited and the charge will remain localized on the point of contact.