* Direct Contact: Conduction requires two substances (or parts of the same substance) to be physically touching.
* Particle Interaction: The heat energy is transferred by vibrations of the particles. When a hot object touches a cold object, the hotter particles vibrate faster and collide with the slower particles of the colder object. This causes the slower particles to vibrate faster, transferring heat energy.
Example:
* Holding a hot cup of coffee: The heat from the coffee is transferred to your hand by conduction.
Let me know if you'd like more details about conduction or other heat transfer methods!