1. Gravity (Weight): This is the force exerted by the Earth on the body, pulling it downwards. It is calculated as:
* Weight (W) = mass (m) x acceleration due to gravity (g)
2. Buoyant Force: This is an upward force exerted by the liquid on the body. It is equal to the weight of the liquid displaced by the body. This force is also known as Archimedes' principle.
* Buoyant Force (Fb) = Density of liquid (ρ) x Volume of displaced liquid (V) x Acceleration due to gravity (g)
3. Drag Force: This is a force that opposes the motion of the body through the liquid. It is caused by the friction between the body and the liquid. The magnitude of the drag force depends on the speed of the body, the shape of the body, and the viscosity of the liquid.
4. Lift Force: This is a force that acts perpendicular to the direction of motion of the body through the liquid. It is caused by the difference in pressure on the top and bottom of the body. The magnitude of the lift force depends on the shape of the body, the speed of the body, and the density of the liquid.
5. Tension Force: If the body is suspended by a string or rope, there will be a tension force acting on it. This force is equal in magnitude and opposite in direction to the weight of the body and the buoyant force.
The net force acting on the body is the vector sum of all these forces. This net force will determine whether the body floats, sinks, or remains suspended.
