Here's why:
* Gravity: As a person falls, gravity pulls them downwards, accelerating their speed.
* Air Resistance: As the person falls faster, they encounter more air resistance, which acts as a counterforce against gravity.
* Terminal Velocity: When the force of air resistance equals the force of gravity, the person stops accelerating and reaches their terminal velocity. This means they are falling at a constant speed.
Factors Affecting Terminal Velocity:
* Body Mass: Heavier people generally have a higher terminal velocity because their weight is greater.
* Body Orientation: A spread-eagle position increases air resistance, leading to a lower terminal velocity. A streamlined position (like a skydiver) reduces air resistance, resulting in a higher terminal velocity.
* Clothing: Loose clothing increases air resistance, lowering terminal velocity.
* Altitude: Air density decreases with altitude, leading to slightly higher terminal velocities at higher elevations.
Important Note: Terminal velocity is a theoretical value. In reality, factors like wind gusts, altitude changes, and the person's body orientation can significantly affect the actual speed during a fall.
Safety: It's important to remember that falling from great heights can be extremely dangerous and often fatal. If you're interested in skydiving, always choose a reputable company and follow safety instructions.
