1. Electromagnetism: This force is responsible for holding atoms together, creating friction, and generating lift in airplanes. It's a fundamental force that can counteract gravity in various ways, such as:

* Buoyancy: This is the upward force that a fluid exerts on an object immersed in it. It's why boats float and hot air balloons rise.

* Friction: This force opposes motion between surfaces in contact. It's what allows us to walk, climb, and prevent objects from sliding down slopes.

2. Thrust: This is the force that propels an object forward. It's generated by engines in rockets, airplanes, and even simple things like propellers. Thrust can be used to overcome the downward pull of gravity and lift an object off the ground.

It's important to note that these forces are not actually opposing gravity in the literal sense. Gravity is a fundamental force of attraction, and these other forces are simply exerting a force in the opposite direction. However, the effect is the same: they can overcome gravity's pull and allow objects to move upward or stay suspended in the air.