W = mgh

Where:

* W is the work done (in Joules)

* m is the mass of the object (in kilograms)

* g is the acceleration due to gravity (approximately 9.8 m/s²)

* h is the vertical displacement (in meters)

Explanation:

* Work is defined as the force applied over a distance. In this case, the force is the force of gravity acting on the object, and the distance is the vertical height the object is lifted.

* Gravity pulls objects towards the center of the Earth. To lift an object against gravity, you need to apply an upward force equal to the object's weight (mg).

* Vertical displacement refers to the change in height of the object.

Example:

If you lift a 5 kg object 2 meters vertically, the work done against gravity is:

W = (5 kg) * (9.8 m/s²) * (2 m) = 98 Joules

Note: This formula assumes that the object is lifted at a constant velocity. If the object is accelerated, the work done will be slightly different.