* Object Shape and Size: A larger, less aerodynamic object will experience more air resistance and reach a lower terminal velocity than a smaller, more streamlined object.
* Mass: A heavier object will have a higher terminal velocity than a lighter object of the same shape and size.
* Air Density: Thicker air (like at lower altitudes) creates more resistance, leading to a lower terminal velocity.
Here's how it works:
* Gravity: As an object falls, gravity pulls it downwards, causing it to accelerate.
* Air Resistance: As the object speeds up, it encounters increasing air resistance. This force opposes the downward force of gravity.
* Terminal Velocity: Eventually, the force of air resistance becomes equal to the force of gravity. The object stops accelerating and reaches a constant speed, called terminal velocity.
Examples:
* Skydiver: A skydiver in a spread-eagle position has a terminal velocity around 120 mph (193 km/h).
* Raindrop: A typical raindrop has a terminal velocity around 7 mph (11 km/h).
* Feather: A feather has a much lower terminal velocity due to its large surface area and low mass.
Important Note: Terminal velocity is only reached after a certain amount of time. The object will continue to accelerate until air resistance balances out gravity.
