1. Length (L): Measures the distance between two points. The standard unit is the meter (m).
2. Mass (M): Represents the amount of matter in an object. The standard unit is the kilogram (kg).
3. Time (T): Measures the duration of events. The standard unit is the second (s).
4. Electric Current (I): Measures the rate of flow of electric charge. The standard unit is the ampere (A).
5. Temperature (Θ): Measures the degree of hotness or coldness of a body. The standard unit is the Kelvin (K).
6. Amount of Substance (N): Measures the quantity of a substance. The standard unit is the mole (mol).
7. Luminous Intensity (J): Measures the power emitted by a light source. The standard unit is the candela (cd).
These fundamental quantities are considered "basic" because all other physical quantities can be derived from them. For example, velocity is derived from length and time (distance/time), and density is derived from mass and length (mass/volume).
