Here's a breakdown:
* Refraction occurs because the speed of a wave changes as it moves from one medium to another. This change in speed causes the wave to bend.
* The amount of bending depends on:
* The angle at which the wave strikes the boundary between the two media.
* The difference in the speed of the wave in the two media.
* Examples of refraction:
* A straw in a glass of water appears bent at the surface of the water.
* Light from the sun bends as it enters the Earth's atmosphere, causing rainbows.
* Sound waves bend as they travel from air to water.
Let me know if you'd like more details on any of these aspects!
