Here's a breakdown:
* Normal ray: An imaginary line perpendicular to the surface at the point where the light ray strikes it.
* Incident ray: The light ray traveling towards the surface.
* Angle of incidence (i): The angle between the incident ray and the normal ray.
* Refracted ray: The light ray that bends as it passes through the surface.
* Angle of refraction (r): The angle between the refracted ray and the normal ray.
The relationship between the angle of incidence and the angle of refraction is governed by Snell's Law:
n₁ sin(i) = n₂ sin(r)
where:
* n₁ is the refractive index of the medium the incident ray is traveling in.
* n₂ is the refractive index of the medium the refracted ray is traveling in.
The angle of refraction depends on the refractive indices of the two media and the angle of incidence.
