The maximum distance particles of a medium carrying a wave move away from their resting position is called the amplitude of the wave.

Here's a breakdown:

* Wave: A disturbance that travels through a medium or space, transferring energy without transferring matter.

* Medium: The substance through which the wave travels (e.g., air, water, string).

* Particles: The individual components of the medium that oscillate as the wave passes through.

* Resting position: The position of a particle in the medium when there's no wave present.

* Amplitude: The maximum displacement of a particle from its resting position as the wave passes through.

So, the higher the amplitude, the further the particles move away from their resting position.