1. Calculate the final velocity:

* We can use the following kinematic equation: v² = u² + 2as

* v = final velocity (what we want to find)

* u = initial velocity (0 m/s since the dumbbell is dropped)

* a = acceleration (10 m/s²)

* s = distance (0.8 m, converting cm to meters)

* Plugging in the values: v² = 0² + 2 * 10 * 0.8

* Solving for v: v = √(16) = 4 m/s

2. Calculate the momentum:

* Momentum (p) is calculated as: p = mv

* m = mass (10 kg)

* v = final velocity (4 m/s)

* Plugging in the values: p = 10 kg * 4 m/s = 40 kg m/s

Therefore, the dumbbell will transfer 40 kg m/s of momentum to the floor.