Newton's Law of Universal Gravitation states that the force of gravity between two objects is:

* Directly proportional to the product of their masses: This means that if you increase the mass of one object, the gravitational force between them will increase proportionally.

* Inversely proportional to the square of the distance between their centers: This means that if you double the distance between two objects, the gravitational force between them will decrease by a factor of four.

In summary:

* Mass: A larger mass results in a stronger gravitational force.

* Distance: A greater distance results in a weaker gravitational force.

Example:

Imagine two planets, Planet A and Planet B. Planet A has twice the mass of Planet B, but they are the same distance apart. The gravitational force between Planet A and B will be twice as strong as the gravitational force between two objects with the mass of Planet B.

However, if we keep the masses the same but double the distance between them, the gravitational force will be reduced to one-fourth of its original strength.

Conclusion:

While both mass and distance affect gravitational force, mass has a greater effect because the force is directly proportional to the product of the masses, while it is inversely proportional to the square of the distance.