Here's the breakdown:
* Direct Proportionality to Mass: The gravitational force between two objects is directly proportional to the product of their masses. This means if you double the mass of one object, the force of gravity doubles. If you double the mass of both objects, the force of gravity quadruples.
* Inverse Square Proportionality to Distance: The gravitational force between two objects is inversely proportional to the square of the distance between their centers. This means if you double the distance between the objects, the force of gravity is reduced to one-fourth its original value. If you triple the distance, the force becomes one-ninth.
The Formula:
The mathematical formula for Newton's Law of Universal Gravitation is:
```
F = G * (m1 * m2) / r^2
```
Where:
* F is the gravitational force between the two objects
* G is the gravitational constant (approximately 6.674 × 10^-11 N⋅m^2/kg^2)
* m1 is the mass of the first object
* m2 is the mass of the second object
* r is the distance between the centers of the two objects
In Simple Words:
* Heavier objects attract each other more strongly.
* Objects closer together attract each other more strongly.
Example:
Imagine two planets. If one planet is twice as massive as the other, and they are the same distance apart, the gravitational force between them will be twice as strong. If you then move those planets twice as far apart, the force of gravity will be reduced to one-fourth its original value.
