1. Newton's First Law of Motion (Law of Inertia): An object at rest stays at rest, and an object in motion stays in motion at a constant velocity, unless acted upon by a net force.
2. Newton's Second Law of Motion: The acceleration of an object is directly proportional to the net force acting on the object, and inversely proportional to the object's mass. In simpler terms, the more force you apply, the faster it will accelerate. The heavier the object, the less it will accelerate.
3. Newton's Third Law of Motion: For every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction. This means that when one object exerts a force on another object, the second object exerts an equal and opposite force back on the first object.
These three laws of motion, along with Newton's law of universal gravitation, formed the foundation of classical mechanics and revolutionized our understanding of how the universe works.