* Protons: These subatomic particles carry a positive (+) charge.
* Electrons: These subatomic particles carry a negative (-) charge.
Balance: In a neutral atom, the number of protons (positive charge) is equal to the number of electrons (negative charge). This creates a balanced, neutral state.
Imbalance: When an object has more protons than electrons, there's an excess of positive charge. This imbalance results in a net positive charge for the object.
Example: Imagine a sodium atom (Na). It normally has 11 protons and 11 electrons. If it loses one electron, it will have 11 protons and 10 electrons. This leaves it with a net charge of +1, making it a positively charged ion (Na+).
