1. Crest: The highest point of a wave.

2. Trough: The lowest point of a wave.

3. Amplitude: The vertical distance between the crest or trough and the resting position of the wave. It represents the wave's energy level – higher amplitude means more energy.

4. Wavelength: The horizontal distance between two successive crests or troughs. It represents the length of one complete wave cycle.

5. Frequency: The number of wave cycles passing a fixed point per second. Measured in Hertz (Hz). It is inversely proportional to wavelength – shorter wavelength means higher frequency.

6. Period: The time it takes for one complete wave cycle to pass a fixed point. It is the reciprocal of frequency.

7. Wave speed: The speed at which the wave travels. It is determined by the medium through which the wave propagates.

8. Wave direction: The direction in which the wave travels.

9. Wavefront: An imaginary line connecting points of equal phase in a wave.

10. Wave interference: The interaction of two or more waves that results in a new wave pattern.

11. Wave diffraction: The bending of waves around obstacles or through openings.

These parts and concepts are essential for understanding how waves behave and interact. The specific details of a wave, like its amplitude, wavelength, and frequency, depend on the type of wave and the medium it travels through.