* Torque: The force applied to a door creates a rotational force called torque. Torque is calculated by multiplying the force applied by the distance from the pivot point (the hinges).
* Maximizing Torque: When you push or pull a door at a right angle to its outer edge, you maximize the distance between the force and the hinges. This increases the torque, making it easier to rotate the door.
* Efficiency: Pushing or pulling at an angle less than 90 degrees would mean a portion of your force is wasted pushing against the door itself, rather than rotating it. This reduces the effectiveness of your effort.
* Leverage: Think of the door as a lever. The farther away from the hinges you apply the force, the greater the leverage you have.
In short, pushing or pulling at a right angle to the door's outer edge provides the maximum leverage and torque, making it the most efficient way to open or close a heavy door.